US prosecutors have formally appealed a federal judge's decision to throw out the criminal case accusing Donald Trump of illegally holding on to classified documents following the end of his presidency.
Special Counsel Jack Smith's office filed a notice indicating it would ask an Atlanta-based 11th US Circuit Court of Appeals to revive the case and reverse the ruling by Florida-based US District Judge Aileen Cannon on Monday that Mr Smith had been unlawfully appointed by Attorney General Merrick Garland.
Judge Cannon, who was appointed to the bench by Mr Trump in 2020, ruled that Mr Smith's 2022 appointment violated the US Constitution because Congress did not authorise Mr Garland to name a special counsel with the degree of power and independence wielded by Mr Smith.
The decision was the latest in a series of legal victories for Mr Trump.
The US Supreme Court ruled on 1 July that Mr Trump has broad immunity from prosecution for official actions taken as president - a decision that has tied up another case brought by Mr Smith involving Mr Trump's attempts to overturn his 2020 election loss.
Mr Trump is the Republican candidate challenging Democratic President Joe Biden in the 5 November US election in a rematch from four years ago.
Judge Cannon's decision broke with decades of rulings by other federal courts that have upheld the authority of the attorney general to empower a special counsel to handle politically sensitive investigations.
The practice has been used for decades by presidential administrations of both political parties.
Special counsels have also investigated Mr Biden and his son Hunter Biden.
Judge Cannon's ruling dismissed the charges against Mr Trump and co-defendants Walt Nauta, a personal aide to Mr Trump, and Carlos De Oliveira, a property manager at the former president's Mar-a-Lago estate in Florida where the documents were found during an FBI search.
Mr Trump was accused of illegally retaining sensitive national security documents, including records related to the US nuclear program and potential military vulnerabilities, at his Mar-a-Lago resort after leaving office in January 2021.
Mr Trump and the two co-defendants also were accused of obstructing an investigation into Mr Trump's handling of the material.
Mr Trump and his co-defendants had pleaded not guilty.
In addition to the two indictments obtained by Mr Smith, Mr Trump faced criminal charges in a pair of other cases.
He became the first former US president to be convicted of a crime when a jury in New York state court found him guilty in May of felony charges related to hush money paid to adult film actress Stormy Daniels to avert a sex scandal before the 2016 election.
He faces sentencing in September.
Mr Trump also faces state charges in Georgia related to his efforts to overturn his 2020 defeat.
The two remaining criminal cases are not expected to be completed before the election.
Mr Smith, a public corruption and international war crimes prosecutor, was appointed to give investigations involving Mr Trump a degree of independence from the US justice department under the Biden administration.
Mr Trump's lawyers have not challenged Mr Smith's appointment in Mr Smith's election-related case.
Six of the 12 active judges on the 11th Circuit were appointed by Mr Trump.
The 11th Circuit dealt Trump a defeat earlier over the classified documents.
In 2022, before the charges were filed, a three-judge 11th Circuit panel reversed a ruling by Judge Cannon to appoint a third-party "special master" to vet evidence FBI agents seized during a search of Mr Trump's Mar-a-Lago property in Florida.
